A billion clicks a day, and the numbers become invoices. Event time versus processing time, watermarks, exactly-once as an actual requirement rather than a nice-to-have — with an interactive watermark simulator for the accuracy-versus-latency trade at the heart of every streaming system.

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Ten million metrics, one year of retention, and a write load that never stops. Why a general-purpose database is the wrong answer, how Gorilla gets 16 bytes down to 1.37, and the cardinality bomb that kills more monitoring systems than any other cause — with an interactive calculator.

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Why a plain append-only file beats a database, how partitions turn ordering into a tunable knob, and what exactly-once really costs. Includes an interactive delivery-semantics explorer — and the fourth quadrant nobody mentions, where you get neither guarantee.

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One billion daily users, 100 petabytes of map tiles, and a road graph too big to fit in memory. Routing tiles, the CDN economics of map rendering, adaptive rerouting — plus an interactive tile explorer, and why the real tile URL is not what the textbook says.

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